BAUHAUS

The Bauhaus was started in 1919 in Germany by Walter Gropius. It was a merger between a fine arts school and an arts and crafts school. It was founded upon the idea of creating a "total work of art". The Bauhaus had a profound influence upon developments in art, architecture, graphic design, interior design, industrial design, and typography. It was shutdown in 1933 when Hitler came into power.



Prairie Style

Between 1900 and 1901, Frank Lloyd Wright completed four houses which have since been considered the onset of the "Prairie style". These houses featured extended low buildings with shallow, sloping roofs, clean sky lines, suppressed chimneys, overhangs and terraces all using unfinished materials. The houses are credited with being the first examples of the "open plan". 

Table by Émile-Jacques Ruhlmann

Émile-Jacques Ruhlmann was a French furniture designer in the French Art Deco style of the 1920s.  He made formal, elegant furniture using precious and exotic woods in combination with ivory fittings. He also specialized in interiors designing accessories such as lighting and wallpaper.

Mies van der Rohe

by Allison Evans

Mies van der Rohe was took over the Bauhaus after Hannes Meyer. He was an older architect from Berlin with lots of experience. The furniture he designed had a tubular look to them as you can see from the watercolors above.

Eileen Gray

  

• E1027 Adjustable Table
• Named after the summer home she designed
•   Steel tubing with crystal glass top

RULMANN FURNITURE

by Sarah Kilpatrick

•   Designed by Emile-Jacques Ruhlmann in 1924
• Ivory inlay, wood veneer
• Art Deco period

CHARLES AND RAY EAMES

  

• Eames Lounge and Ottoman (1956)
• Considered one of the most significant furniture designs of the 20th century

CHARLES AND RAY EAMES FURNITURE

 

by Sarah Kilpatrick

•  Designed for a Museum of Modern Art Competition
• Designed to be suitable for sitting or lying on
• 1948

Le Corbusier Continued and the Eames

by Allison Evans

The first picture is of the chapel of Notre Dame du Haut in Ronchamp. It was also designed by Le Corbusier. It is constructed of poured concrete which was very innovative for that time. The chapel sits on top of a hill and there is a youth hostel behind it.

The next watercolor is of Ray and Charles Eames' house. Their house was a case study house. It was all prefabricated and constructed of steel and a series of modular panels attached together. These panels were built off site and then transported to the building's location in Malibu.

Le Corbusier

by Allison Evans

The first watercolor is of Villa Savoye. It was designed by Le Corbusier. This building is very avant guarde and introduced a new type of material...ceramic tile. The exterior of the building is made from white ceramic tiles. The building was meant to meld indoor and outdoor spaces. The long windows were designed so that they would create a view that was like a painting hanging in a room.

The next watercolor is of a chair that was made famous by Le Corbusier.

Arts and Crafts Movement (1860s to 1930s)

The Biltmore

By Cheri Griffin

The Biltmore Mansion is located in Asheville, NC. It was built in 1890 and is very chateauesque. It was designed by Richard Morris Hunt. The landscape architect was Olstead, who also did some work on Central Park.

Mark Twain's House

By Cheri Griffin

Mark Twain's house was built in 1872. It was designed by Edward Potter. The style that this home is classified as is Victorian Stick Style. Much of the ornamentation is straight lined, looking much like sticks. This home was very modern for its time because it had indoor plumbing.

Industrial Education Building

by Cheri Griffin

The Industrial Education building on campus was originally built as a textile school in 1900. It is an Italianate building. This is expressed by the two towers in the front of the building. The architect is unknown but there is some influence from the work of Henry Richardson. The columns and arches in the front are very Richardsonian Romanesque.The inside of the building is very different. It is more 19th century industrial architecture. This building reflects the time period it was built because it is fancy on the outside, yet functional on the inside.

Art Nouveau Interior

by Cheri Griffin

The Art Nouveau movement was the first movement that put emphasis on line. It created its own line called the whiplash line. This particular interior, Casa Tassel, was designed by Victor Horta in Belgium in 1893.

Eiffel Tower

• Built in 1889
•  Designed by engineer Gustave Eiffel
• During Industrial Revolution
• Meant to only last a short time but ended up as a world icon

ART NOVEAU    (1890–1905)

       

• Chairs by Charles Rennie Mackintosh, a Scottish architect, designer, watercolourist and sculptor.
• Major force of the Arts Noveau movement

Industrial Revolution

• Brooklyn Bridge, completed in 1883
• Oldest supspension bridge in the country
• Built for the fastest growing population in the country, connects Manhattan and Brooklyn by spanning the East River
• Designed by  John Augustus Roebling

Greek Revival (1790-1840)

• Columns, steps, and pediments were typical of this style
• Symmetry, balance, and order
• American Greek Revival stems from nationalism, attempt to honor Jefferson and his love for antiquity